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my enthusiasm has carried me further than I intended,\nthe subject being an inviting one. Let me, then, end by pointing\nout that the disgrace of these crimes does not belong especially to\nour own time. Our ancestors before us have lamented, and our\nchildren after us will lament, as we do, the ruin, of morality, the\nprevalence of vice, and the gradual deterioration of mankind; yet\nthese things are really stationary, only moved slightly to and fro\nlike the waves which at one time a rising tide washes further over\nthe land, and at another an ebbing one restrains within a lower\nwater mark. At one time the chief vice will be adultery, and\nlicentiousness will exceed all bounds; at another time a rage for\nfeasting will be in vogue, and men will waste their inheritance in\nthe most shameful of all ways, by the kitchen; at another,\nexcessive care for the body, and a devotion to personal beauty\nwhich implies ugliness of mind; at another time, injudiciously\ngranted liberty will show itself in wanton recklessness and\ndefiance of authority; sometimes there will be a reign of cruelty\nboth in public and private, and the madness of the civil wars will\ncome upon us, which destroy all that is holy and inviolable.\nSometimes even drunkenness will be held in honour, and it will be a\nvirtue to swallow most wine. Vices do not lie in wait for us in one\nplace alone, but hover around us in changeful forms, sometimes even\nat variance one with another, so that in turn they win and lose the\nfield; yet we shall always be obliged to pronounce the same verdict\nupon ourselves, that we are and always were evil, and, I\nunwillingly add, that we always shall be. There always will be\nhomicides, tyrants, thieves, adulterers, ravishers, sacrilegious,\ntraitors: worse than all these is the ungrateful man, except we\nconsider that all these crimes flow from ingratitude, without which\nhardly any great wickedness has ever grown to full stature. Be sure\nthat you guard against this as the greatest of crimes in yourself,\nbut pardon it as the least of crimes in another. For all the injury\nwhich you suffer is this: you have lost the subject-matter of a\nbenefit, not the benefit itself, for you possess unimpaired the\nbest part of it, in that you have given it. Though we ought to be\ncareful to bestow our benefits by preference upon those who are\nlikely to show us gratitude for them, yet we must sometimes do what\nwe have little hope will turn out well, and bestow benefits upon\nthose who we not only think will prove ungrateful, but who we know\nhave been so. For instance, if I should be able to save a man's\nchildren from a great danger with no risk to myself, I should not\nhesitate to do so. If a man be worthy I would defend him even with\nmy blood, and would share his perils; if he be unworthy, and yet by\nmerely crying for help I can rescue him from robbers, I would\nwithout reluctance raise the shout which would save a fellow-\ncreature.\n\u003C/p>","html",[],1785969057989]