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Nature & the Cosmos

The Stoic slogan was to live in agreement with nature, and it means more than it sounds like. Their universe is a single ordered whole, held together and directed by reason - the logos - of which each human mind is a fragment. Living in agreement with nature is living according to the reason you were built with, in a world that is running on the same principle. These passages cover the divine, providence, fate, and the constant flux of a cosmos in which nothing individual lasts and nothing is genuinely lost.

50 passages

"See what great things they do every day, how much they divide amongst us, with how great crops they fill the earth, how they move the seas with convenient winds to carry us to all shores, how by the fall of sudden showers they soften the ground, renew the dried-up springs of fountains, and call them into new life by unseen supplies of water."

— Seneca, On Benefits 4.25

"In this Universal Nature rejoices and by her all things come to pass well."

— Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations 9.35

"To Nature, who bestows all things and takes them away, the man who has learnt his lesson and respects himself says: 'Give what is thy good pleasure, take back what is thy good pleasure'; and this he says not boasting himself but only listening to her voice and being of one mind with her."

— Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations 10.14

"Just as a mark is not set up in order to be missed, so neither does the nature of evil arise in the universe."

— Epictetus, The Enchiridion 27

"Foolish people who know not the truth hold them answerable for storms at sea, excessive rain, and long winters, whereas all the while these phenomena by which we suffer or profit take place without any reference whatever to us: it is not for our sake that the universe causes summer and winter to succeed one another; these have a law of their own, according to which their divine functions are performed."

— Seneca, On Anger 2.27

"Now what to every creature is according to Nature is also more closely related to it, more part of its flesh and bone, yes, and also more agreeable."

— Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations 8.12

"No longer merely breathe with the atmosphere that surrounds you, but now think also with the mind that surrounds all things."

— Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations 8.54

"Do you not see that it is precisely your changing which is similar, and similarly necessary to Universal Nature?"

— Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations 7.18

"Either all comes to pass from one fountain of mind, as in a single organic body, and the part must not find fault with what is for the good of the whole; or else there are atoms, nothing but a mechanical mixture and dispersal."

— Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations 9.39

"Now, if indeed it is so, be certain of this that, if it ought to have been otherwise, the gods would have made it so; for were it just, it would also be possible, and were it accordant with Nature, Nature would have brought it about."

— Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations 12.05

In summary

This is the part of Stoicism modern readers most often skip, and skipping it costs something: the ethics is standing on it. The reason to accept what happens is that it comes from an order that is going somewhere; the reason to treat every person as kin is that the same reason runs through all of them. Marcus writes nearly all of this, and he is also the one who hedges. Providence or atoms, he keeps saying - if the universe is a rational whole, act accordingly; if it is only a churn of particles, you still have your own mind to govern. The ethics is meant to survive either answer.